Process chemicals

Solution properties, computed and cited.

Density, dynamic viscosity and specific heat capacity of aqueous process chemicals as a function of concentration and temperature. Every value is generated from a published property correlation — not entered by hand — and each page is cross-checked against an independently cited reference before it is published.

Acids & alkalis

Acetic acid

CH3COOH

density · viscosity · specific gravity

5–80 wt% · 15–55 °C

Ammonia solution

NH3

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

5–30 wt% · 0–50 °C

Formic acid

HCOOH

density · viscosity · specific gravity

5–60 wt% · 15–55 °C

Hydrochloric acid

HCl

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity · Baumé

5–35 wt% · 0–60 °C

Nitric acid

HNO3

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity · Baumé

5–65 wt% · 0–45 °C

Phosphoric acid

H3PO4

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity · Baumé

5–60 wt% · 0–60 °C

Potassium hydroxide

KOH

density · viscosity · specific gravity

5–50 wt% · 15–40 °C

Sodium hydroxide

NaOH

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

5–50 wt% · 20–100 °C

Sulfuric acid

H2SO4

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity · Baumé

5–75 wt% · 0–75 °C

Salts & electrolytes

Aluminium sulfate

Al2(SO4)3

density · specific gravity

2–24 wt% · 15–60 °C

Ammonium chloride

NH4Cl

density · viscosity · specific gravity

2–24 wt% · 15–60 °C

Ammonium nitrate

NH4NO3

density · viscosity · specific gravity

2–50 wt% · 25–60 °C

Ammonium sulfate

(NH4)2SO4

density · viscosity · specific gravity

2–40 wt% · 15–55 °C

Barium chloride

BaCl2

density · viscosity · specific gravity

2–24 wt% · 15–60 °C

Calcium chloride

CaCl2

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–34 wt% · 0–80 °C

Calcium nitrate

Ca(NO3)2

density · viscosity · specific gravity

2–40 wt% · 25–60 °C

Copper(II) sulfate

CuSO4

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–12 wt% · 15–60 °C

Iron(II) sulfate

FeSO4

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–16 wt% · 15–25 °C

Iron(III) chloride

FeCl3

density · viscosity · specific gravity · Baumé

2–40 wt% · 0–35 °C

Magnesium sulfate

MgSO4

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–20 wt% · 15–60 °C

Manganese(II) sulfate

MnSO4

density · viscosity · specific gravity

2–30 wt% · 20–25 °C

Nickel sulfate

NiSO4

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–22 wt% · 15–60 °C

Potassium chloride

KCl

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–20 wt% · 5–80 °C

Potassium nitrate

KNO3

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–18 wt% · 15–60 °C

Sodium bicarbonate

NaHCO3

density · specific gravity

1–8 wt% · 10–50 °C

Sodium carbonate

Na2CO3

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–14 wt% · 20–40 °C

Sodium chloride

NaCl

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–24 wt% · 0–80 °C

Sodium nitrate

NaNO3

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

2–40 wt% · 10–60 °C

Sodium sulfate

Na2SO4

density · viscosity · specific gravity

2–14 wt% · 20–60 °C

Zinc chloride

ZnCl2

density · specific gravity · Baumé

5–50 wt% · 15–70 °C

Zinc sulfate

ZnSO4

density · viscosity · specific gravity

2–30 wt% · 15–55 °C

Coolants & brines

Ethanol

C2H5OH

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

10–50 wt% · -35–40 °C

Ethylene glycol

C2H6O2

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

10–60 wt% · 0–100 °C

Glycerol

C3H8O3

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

10–60 wt% · -30–40 °C

Lithium chloride

LiCl

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

5–20 wt% · -40–40 °C

Magnesium chloride

MgCl2

density · heat capacity · specific gravity

5–20 wt% · -25–40 °C

Methanol

CH3OH

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

10–50 wt% · -45–40 °C

Potassium carbonate

K2CO3

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

5–35 wt% · -25–40 °C

Propylene glycol

C3H8O2

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

10–60 wt% · 0–100 °C

Sodium acetate

CH3COONa

density · viscosity · heat capacity · specific gravity

5–30 wt% · 0–60 °C

Sugars & oxidisers

Hydrogen peroxide

H2O2

density · specific gravity

5–50 wt% · 0–40 °C

Sucrose

C12H22O11

density · viscosity · specific gravity · Brix

5–50 wt% · 15–55 °C

Refrigerants

R-134a

CH2FCF3

saturation pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-290 (propane)

C3H8

saturation pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-32

CH2F2

saturation pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-404A

R-125/R-143a/R-134a

bubble & dew pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-407C

R-32/R-125/R-134a

bubble & dew pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-410A

R-32/R-125

bubble & dew pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-600a (isobutane)

C4H10

saturation pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-717 (ammonia)

NH3

saturation pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-744 (carbon dioxide)

CO2

saturation pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–25 °C · saturation line

Gases

Argon

density · heat capacity · viscosity

1–300 bar · -20–100 °C

Helium

density · heat capacity · viscosity

1–300 bar · -20–100 °C

Hydrogen

density · heat capacity · viscosity

1–700 bar · -20–100 °C

Methane

CH4

density · heat capacity · viscosity

1–200 bar · -20–100 °C

Nitrogen

density · heat capacity · viscosity

1–500 bar · -20–100 °C

Oxygen

density · heat capacity · viscosity

1–200 bar · -20–100 °C

R-290 (propane)

C3H8

saturation pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–60 °C · saturation line

R-744 (carbon dioxide)

CO2

saturation pressure · liquid & vapour density

-40–25 °C · saturation line

Steam

Water & steam (IAPWS)

H2O

saturation pressure · density · enthalpy · entropy

sat 0–370 °C · superheat 1–200 bar / 100–600 °C

Humid air

Humid air (moist air)

H₂O + dry air

humidity ratio · wet bulb · dew point · enthalpy

0–50 °C dry-bulb · 10–100 % RH · 101.325 kPa

Method

Property values are computed offline from published correlations — the Laliberté (2009) aqueous-electrolyte model for the acids, bases and electrolyte salts, and CoolProp's incompressible-fluid correlations (Melinder, 2010) for the glycols, alcohols and sub-zero brines — and committed as auditable data; the site renders only those committed values and never computes chemistry at request time. Each substance carries its generating model, validity range, source list and a cited validation point on its page; the sub-zero coolants and brines also carry a freezing-point table.

This dataset is also published as JSON on GitHub under CC BY 4.0.

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