Salts & brines

Zinc sulfate · ZnSO4

Name: Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) aqueous solution properties
Creator: ProcessConvert
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) is a salt; this page gives computed density and dynamic viscosity for aqueous solutions from 2–30 wt% and 15–55 °C.

Values are computed from the Laliberté (2009) aqueous-electrolyte correlation and tabulated over 2–30 wt% and 15–55 °C.

Also known as: Zinc(II) sulfate, White vitriol, Zinc vitriol
CAS number: 7733-02-0
Tabulated range: 2–30 wt% · 15–55 °C
Properties: Density · Dynamic viscosity · Specific gravity

At 16 wt% · 20 °C

reference snapshot

Density: 1181.4kg/m³
Density: 1.1814g/cm³
Specific gravity: 1.184
Viscosity: 2.175cP

Explore

Read a value at any point

Move the sliders to interpolate between the tabulated grid points. The readout and chart never go outside the validated 2–30 wt% and 15–55 °C range, and every number is interpolated from the committed table below — nothing is computed from a chemistry model in your browser.

Interactive explorer

Values are interpolated between the tabulated grid points below — sliders stay within the validated 2–30 wt% and 15–55 °C range.

Concentration16 wt%

Temperature20 °C

Density: 1181.4 kg/m³
Density: 1.1814 g/cm³
Specific gravity: 1.184
Dynamic viscosity: 2.175 cP

Density (kg/m³) vs wt% ZnSO4 at 20 °C — Zinc sulfate.

Why it matters

What the numbers tell you

At 16 wt% and 20 °C, aqueous zinc sulfate has a density of about 1181 kg/m³ (1.181 g/cm³) — roughly 1.18× the density of water. It also has a dynamic viscosity of about 2.175 cP, against roughly 1 cP for water at the same temperature. Those differences carry straight into volume-to-mass conversions, pump and pipe sizing.

Common grades

A few working strengths

Properties at 20 °C for a handful of concentrations in everyday use, read from the committed grid (interpolated between tabulated points where a grade falls between them). The full table follows below.

wt% ZnSO4	°C	Density kg/m³	SG	Viscosity cP
10	20	1107.7	1.110	1.561
16	20	1181.4	1.184	2.175
24	20	1291.0	1.293	3.787
30	20	1383.3	1.386	6.328

Sources

Where the numbers come from

Every value on this page is computed by a deterministic model — none is entered by hand. The generating method and the references it is checked against:

▸Laliberte, M. (2009). A Model for Calculating the Heat Capacity of Aqueous Solutions, with Updated Density and Viscosity Data. J. Chem. Eng. Data 54(6), 1725-1760. doi:10.1021/je8008123
▸CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th ed. (Haynes, ed., 2016) - Concentrative Properties of Aqueous Solutions (density and viscosity at 20 degC)
▸CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics - Aqueous Solubility of Inorganic Compounds at Various Temperatures (solubility bounds for the tabulated range)

Model: thermo==0.4.0 (chemicals==1.3.0) - Laliberte 2009 electrolyte correlation · Generated 2026-06-07

The committed data file for this page is published as JSON on GitHub under CC BY 4.0.

Validation

Checked against a cited value

The model is cross-checked at one independently cited reference point. The page is published only because this check passes.

Property / point	Density · 16 wt% · 20 °C
Cited reference value	1180.6 kg/m3
Model computed	1181.44 kg/m3
Error vs reference	0.071% (tolerance 1%)

CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th ed.. Haynes, W.M. (ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th ed. (CRC Press, 2016), Concentrative Properties of Aqueous Solutions, p. 5-133: 16.0 mass % ZnSO4 at 20 degC = 1.1806 g/cm3. The identical value appears in Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 7th ed. (Zinc Sulfate table, 16%/20 degC) and International Critical Tables Vol. III, p. 65.

Full tables

Every tabulated point

Rows are temperature (°C); columns are concentration (wt% ZnSO4). Read the cell at the intersection. Specific gravity is density divided by the model water reference of 998.2 kg/m³ at 20 °C.

Density — kg/m³

°C \ wt%	2	4	6	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22	24	26	28	30
15	1019.9	1041.2	1063.2	1085.7	1108.9	1132.8	1157.4	1182.8	1208.9	1235.8	1263.6	1292.4	1322.1	1352.8	1384.6
20	1018.9	1040.2	1062.1	1084.6	1107.7	1131.6	1156.1	1181.4	1207.5	1234.5	1262.3	1291.0	1320.7	1351.4	1383.3
25	1017.7	1038.9	1060.7	1083.2	1106.3	1130.1	1154.6	1179.8	1205.9	1232.8	1260.6	1289.3	1319.0	1349.8	1381.6
30	1016.2	1037.4	1059.1	1081.5	1104.5	1128.3	1152.7	1178.0	1204.0	1230.9	1258.6	1287.3	1317.1	1347.8	1379.7
35	1014.5	1035.6	1057.3	1079.6	1102.6	1126.3	1150.7	1175.8	1201.8	1228.7	1256.4	1285.1	1314.8	1345.6	1377.5
40	1012.6	1033.6	1055.2	1077.5	1100.4	1124.0	1148.4	1173.5	1199.4	1226.3	1254.0	1282.7	1312.3	1343.1	1375.0
45	1010.6	1031.5	1053.0	1075.2	1098.0	1121.6	1145.9	1171.0	1196.9	1223.6	1251.3	1280.0	1309.7	1340.4	1372.3
50	1008.3	1029.1	1050.6	1072.7	1095.5	1119.0	1143.2	1168.2	1194.1	1220.8	1248.5	1277.1	1306.8	1337.5	1369.4
55	1005.9	1026.6	1048.0	1070.0	1092.7	1116.2	1140.3	1165.3	1191.1	1217.8	1245.4	1274.0	1303.7	1334.4	1366.3

Dynamic viscosity — cP (mPa·s)

°C \ wt%	2	4	6	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22	24	26	28	30
15	1.241	1.350	1.474	1.616	1.783	1.980	2.214	2.494	2.833	3.246	3.752	4.377	5.156	6.134	7.371
20	1.091	1.186	1.294	1.417	1.561	1.731	1.933	2.175	2.466	2.820	3.253	3.787	4.450	5.280	6.328
25	0.968	1.052	1.146	1.254	1.380	1.528	1.703	1.913	2.165	2.471	2.844	3.304	3.873	4.584	5.479
30	0.866	0.940	1.023	1.118	1.229	1.358	1.512	1.695	1.916	2.182	2.506	2.905	3.397	4.010	4.780
35	0.781	0.846	0.920	1.004	1.102	1.216	1.352	1.513	1.707	1.940	2.224	2.571	3.000	3.533	4.200
40	0.708	0.766	0.832	0.907	0.994	1.096	1.216	1.359	1.530	1.736	1.986	2.291	2.666	3.131	3.713
45	0.645	0.698	0.757	0.824	0.902	0.993	1.100	1.227	1.379	1.562	1.783	2.052	2.383	2.792	3.301
50	0.592	0.639	0.692	0.753	0.823	0.904	1.000	1.114	1.250	1.412	1.609	1.848	2.141	2.502	2.950
55	0.545	0.588	0.636	0.691	0.754	0.827	0.914	1.016	1.138	1.283	1.459	1.672	1.932	2.253	2.650

Typical values

Zinc sulfate solution properties at 25 °C

At 25 °C, 10 wt% zinc sulfate has a density of about 1106.3 kg/m³ and a dynamic viscosity of about 1.380 cP. At 25 °C, 24 wt% zinc sulfate has a density of about 1289.3 kg/m³ and a dynamic viscosity of about 3.304 cP. At 25 °C, 30 wt% zinc sulfate has a density of about 1381.6 kg/m³ and a dynamic viscosity of about 5.479 cP.

Limitations

Before you use these numbers

▸Laliberte (2009) aqueous-electrolyte correlation for ZnSO4-water, density and viscosity only: the published data set behind the correlation carries no heat-capacity coefficients for ZnSO4, so heat capacity is not tabulated rather than approximated. Tabulated for 2-30 wt% over 15-55 degC, below saturation across the table (about 33 wt% ZnSO4 at 15 degC). Concentrations are anhydrous ZnSO4; the commercial heptahydrate (ZnSO4.7H2O) is 56% ZnSO4 by mass. Values are for preliminary design; verify against vendor data for critical service.
▸Values are tabulated only inside the 2–30 wt% and 15–55 °C ranges shown; the correlation is not extrapolated beyond them here.
▸Figures are for a pure zinc sulfate–water system. Commercial grades contain impurities (for example chloride in some caustic grades) that shift density and viscosity; check the supplier's data sheet for a specific product.
▸Use for preliminary design; verify for critical service.

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